Extreme poverty
出典: Wikipedio
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Extreme poverty is the most severe state of poverty. Many cannot meet basic needs for food, water, shelter, sanitation, and health care.<ref>Sachs, Jeffrey (2005). The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time Penguin Press Hc ISBN 1-59420-045-9</ref> To determine the affected population, the World Bank defines extreme poverty as living on less than USD $1.25 per day (adjusted for PPP).<ref name="wb 2008">Template:Cite web</ref> The World Bank estimates that 1.4 billion people currently live under these conditions.<ref name="wb 2008" />
In 1996, the following definition taken from Joseph Wresinski, founder of ATD Fourth World was taken up by the UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in s:The Despouy Report on Human Rights and Extreme Poverty.
"The lack of basic security connotes the absence of one or more factors enabling individuals and families to assume basic responsibilities and to enjoy fundamental rights. The situation may become widespread and result in more serious and permanent consequences. The lack of basic security leads to chronic poverty when it simultaneously affects several aspects of people’s lives, when it is prolonged and when it severely compromises people’s chances of regaining their rights and of reassuming their responsibilities in the foreseeable future."<ref>(E/CN.4/Sub.2/1996/13)</ref>
The eradication of extreme poverty and hunger was the first Millennium Development Goal, as set by 179 United Nations Member States in 2000. Economists and activists consider epidemic diseases (AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis) as crucial factors in and consequences of extreme poverty.Template:Fact
Extreme poverty is most common in Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia. The proportion of people in extreme poverty fell from 59 to 19 percent during the 20th century and is now the lowest in history.Template:Fact
See also
- Absolute poverty
- Income inequality metrics
- Least Developed Countries
- Make Poverty History
- Millennium Development Goals
- Poverty line
- Poverty reduction
- The Life You Can Save
References
<references/>
- Jones, Gareth Stedman (2004) An End to Poverty? Profile Books LTD ISBN 1-86197-729-8
External links
- The Life You Can Save - Acting Now to End World Poverty
- WhiteBand.org - Global Call to Action Against Poverty
- Scientific American Magazine (September 2005 Issue) Can Extreme Poverty Be Eliminated?
- International Movement ATD Fourth Worldcs:Extrémní chudoba
es:Pobreza extrema fr:Pauvreté extrême it:Povertà estrema sv:Extrem fattigdom zh:赤貧